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Melanie Munk, Features Editor
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Published: Tuesday, July 28, 2009
Zookeepers offer tips for training your pets
By Linda Lombardi Associated Press
Youll never have to teach a panda to walk on a leash. But if any kind of animal lives in your house, trainers at the zoo have some useful lessons for you.
Modern training methods rely on a simple principle of learning: If an action has a pleasurable consequence, the animal will repeat it. Or as animal behaviorist Emily Weiss puts it, If it feels good, do it again.
So it should be easy to mold a pets behavior: Reward it when it does what we like and dont when it doesnt. But getting the details right can be a challenge, whether with a panda or a pup, and thats often because we dont understand what is actually rewarding to the animal.
Food
The simplest type of reward-based training involves food, and its incredibly powerful. It works with animals that dont care about pleasing us, or that we cant even safely get near. Using food, Weiss has trained a Komodo dragon to enter a crate.
Attention
Make sure youre not accidentally training the animal to do exactly what you dont want. If your dog jumps up on you when you come home, its because your reaction is rewarding. Try turning your back and not making eye contact or speaking until he stops jumping, and the behavior should eventually disappear.
Prevention
To change what zookeepers call stereotypical behaviors, such as barking, Change the environment that elicits the behavior, said Lisa Stevens, curator of pandas and primates at the National Zoo in Washington, D.C. If the dogs barking begins when a person or dog walks by, restrict access to the room that faces the street, or dont leave him in the yard alone.
Instinct
Take a natural action and put a command to it. Laurie Thompson, a biologist at the National Zoo, says that this method is used to train the pandas to open their mouths for dental exams. Keepers simply capture the natural behavior by rewarding the panda when it opens its mouth on its own, and associate a word to the action. To train your pup to eliminate on command, choose a command, preferably a phrase you wont accidentally use in the living room, and repeat it every time the dog relieves himself.
Lifestyle
Make sure that your pets lifestyle allows him to exercise his natural abilities. A dog needs exercise and chances to use his brain. Both pandas and dogs enjoy the many types of puzzle feeders that are now available. Give your dog enough chances to be a dog, and hell get into less trouble.
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