BEIRUT — Syria launched a long-expected assault to crush the opposition in the rebellious north on Saturday, bombarding its main city with tank shells from all sides and clashing with rebel fighters struggling to hold back an invasion.
President Bashar Assad rejected any immediate negotiations with the opposition, striking a further blow to already staggering international efforts for talks to end to the conflict. Assad told U.N. envoy Kofi Annan that a political solution is impossible as long as “terrorist groups” threaten the country.
The opposition’s political leadership has also rejected dialogue, saying talk is impossible after a yearlong crackdown that the U.N. estimates has killed more than 7,500 people. That makes it likely that the conflict will continue to edge toward civil war.
Syrian forces have been building up for days around Idlib, the capital of a hilly, agricultural province along the Syria-Turkey border that has been a hotbed of protests against Assad’s regime.
Saturday morning, troops blasted Idlib for hours with dozens of tank shells as the forces moved to encircle the town, a news team in Idlib reported.
Families fled their homes, carrying blankets and a few other meager belongings. Others huddled in homes.
Rebel fighters rushed through Idlib’s streets, taking cover behind walls to fire on the attackers with automatic weapons, the news team said. Trucks sped wounded fighters to clinics, and men on one street destroyed speed bumps with shovels so ambulances could drive faster. Many low-level soldiers in the area have joined the opposition and fight along with civilians who have taken up arms as part of the loosely organized Free Syrian Army.
Many fear the offensive in Idlib could end up like the regime’s campaign against a rebel-held neighborhood in the central city of Homs. Troops besieged and shelled Baba Amr for weeks before capturing it on March 1. Activists said hundreds were killed, and a U.N. official who visited the area this week said she was “horrified” by the destruction in the district, now virtually deserted.
Late Saturday, Idlib activist Fadi al-Yassin said the army had closed off the city’s main exits, making harder for civilians to flee. Rebel fighters destroyed six armored trucks in an ambush and shot down one helicopter with a high-caliber machine gun, he said.
Al-Yassin estimated that the city has as many as 1,000 fighters, but that they have mostly light arms and are short on ammunition. Most supply lines have been cut.
“The Free Army will able to keep them out for a while, but if they cannot get more weapons and if the army keeps shelling from outside, they won’t be able to hold out,” he said.
“Right now their morale is very high,” he said. But, he added, “We worry that what happened in Baba Amr will happen here.”
In the evening, clashes eased, with occasional shells falling on the city, al-Yassin said. He said many were killed and injured but could not be taken to the central hospital because regime forces controlled it and other government buildings.
Regime forces ambushed a group of rebels heading to Idlib to join the fight, killing 16, according to two activist groups — the Local Coordination Committees and the Britain-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights.
The Observatory said 17 civilians were killed in Idlib province Saturday, part of 28 killed nationwide. It said five other rebels were killed in fighting elsewhere, and that 19 regime troops were killed in Idlib and outside of Damascus. The LCC said 63 were killed nationwide, including 46 in Idlib province.
Al-Yassin’s claims and the death tolls could not be independently verified.
The visit to Damascus by Annan, a former U.N. secretary-general, is the centerpiece of a high-profile international attempt to find a solution to the worsening conflict amid sharp divisions among world powers and Arab countries over how to deal with the crisis.
Annan planned a second round of talks with the Syrian president on Sunday, the U.N. spokesperson’s office said in a statement.
Annan’s call for an immediate cease-fire and political dialogue has been dismissed as a nonstarter by both sides. In his talks Saturday with Assad, Annan put “several proposals on the table” for stopping violence, gaining access for humanitarian aid deliveries to Syrians and starting an “inclusive political dialogue,” the U.N. statement said.
Assad told Annan the plan was doomed “as long as there are armed terrorist groups that work to spread anarchy and destabilize the country,” according to Syria’s state news agency. The regime blames the uprising on terrorists serving a foreign conspiracy.
That appeared to signal that there could be no talks until the opposition is crushed.
The head of the Syrian National Council, the most prominent opposition group, said Friday that calls for dialogue are naive while Assad’s troops continue to kill. Many in the opposition want military aid.
The uprising began a year ago with anti-Assad protests in some of Syria’s impoverished provinces. As the regime cracked down, the protests spread and some took up arms to defend themselves and attack government troops. Activists put the death toll at more than 8,000, compared to the U.N. count of more than 7,500.
Despite mounting international condemnation, Russia and China have stood by Assad and protected him from censure by the U.N. Security Council.
In a tense meeting with Arab foreign ministers at the Arab League headquarters in Cairo, Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov defended his country.
“We are not protecting any regimes,” he said. “We certainly believe that all outside actors must be extremely careful in addressing problems which your countries are facing.”
Qatari Prime Minster Sheik Hamad bin Jassem Al Thani struck back.
“There are no armed gangs, there are systematic killings,” he said.
In the end, the Arab League and Lavrov agreed on five points that could serve as the basis for a future U.N. Security Council resolution: an immediate cease-fire, a clause preventing foreign intervention, assurances about humanitarian aid and an endorsement of Annan’s mission.
The League’s backing down on previous demands for Assad to leave power appeared aimed at securing Russian support for a new resolution.
“Its not a perfect world,” League chief Nabil Elaraby said.
Still, French Foreign Minister Alain Juppe said he doubted any new resolution could be pushed through because of a lack of consensus among countries over the text and Russia’s opposition.
Western powers have said they will not intervene militarily in Syria as they did last year against Moammar Gadhafi in Libya. Top officials in Saudi Arabia and Qatar have spoken positively of the idea of arming the rebels, but have not announced concrete plans.
While President Barack Obama has said Assad’s days are numbered, recent U.S. intelligence reports suggest the conflict could go on for months, since Assad still commands a formidable army and inner circle that remain loyal and an elite that backs his rule.
Intelligence analysts say Syria’s disorganized opposition has yet to pose a serious challenge to the army, which boasts 330,000 soldiers plus reserves, formidable air defense systems and stockpiles of chemical weapons.
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Associated Press photographer Rodrigo Abd in Idlib and AP writers Albert Aji in Damascus, Maggie Michael in Cairo and Kimberly Dozier in Washington contributed to this report.
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