TORONTO — The stunning victory of Justin Trudeau will have reverberations beyond Canada’s borders after the Liberal Party leader emphatically put an end to a decade of rule by the most conservative leadership in the country’s history.
Among the areas in which Trudeau differs from his predecessor, Conservative Stephen Harper: airstrikes against the Islamic State group, support for Israel, climate change, immigration and how much relations with the U.S. should hinge on the future of the Keystone XL oil pipeline.
Speaking at a rally in Ottawa on Tuesday, the 43-year-old Trudeau — son of one of the country’s most dynamic politicians — underlined the sea change.
“I want to say this to this country’s friends around the world: Many of you have worried that Canada has lost its compassionate and constructive voice in the world over the past 10 years. Well, I have a simple message for you on behalf of 35 million Canadians. We’re back,” he declared.
With Trudeau’s decisive victory on Monday, Canadian voters reclaimed their country’s liberal identity, giving the new prime minister a commanding majority in parliament that will allow him to govern without relying on other parties.
That means change in Canadian policies on a broad spectrum of issues.
“Trudeau will return Canada to its traditional approach in foreign affairs which is characteristic of every single government but Harper’s,” said Robert Bothwell, a professor at the University of Toronto. “Canada will go back to multilateralism, back to strong support for the United Nations.”
There will be a “new way for Canada to be on the world stage,” agreed Liberal lawmaker Marc Garneau, who won re-election Monday.
The son of the late Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau, who swept to office in 1968 on a wave of support dubbed “Trudeaumania” and governed for much of the next two decades, the younger Trudeau channels the star power — if not quite the political heft — of his father.
Tall and trim, he is a former school teacher and member of Parliament since 2008. He becomes the second-youngest prime minister in Canadian history and has been likened to U.S. President Barack Obama.
“The whole tone of the U.S.-Canada relationship will change. Philosophically Obama and Trudeau are much closer,” Bothwell said.
Trudeau’s victory will likely improve ties with the United States, at least for the remainder of Obama’s presidency. Harper was frustrated by Obama’s reluctance to approve the Keystone XL pipeline from Alberta to Texas and clashed with the president on other issues, including the Iran nuclear deal.
Although Trudeau supports the Keystone pipeline, he argues relations should not hinge on the project.
“Theoretically, Justin is for Keystone, but he can obviously jettison that,” Bothwell said of the project, which Democratic presidential hopeful Hillary Clinton recently expressed opposition to. Republican contenders are for the project.
Antonia Maioni, a political science professor at McGill University, said the Obama administration will welcome the change in government. “Even on Keystone, Mr. Trudeau says he supports it, but he is not going to make it an issue of conflict with Obama,” Maioni said.
Still, there are differences that could lead to friction with the U.S. Trudeau has said he’ll remove Canada’s six fighter jets from the U.S.-led bombing campaign against the Islamic State group. Harper had said removing the jets from the fight would hurt relations with Obama.
Trudeau has also vowed to take in 25,000 Syrian refugees by the end of the year. Harper declined to resettle more Syrian refugees despite the haunting image of a drowned 3-year-old’s body washed up on a Turkish beach after his family’s failed attempt to immigrate to Canada.
Canada shifted to the center-right under Harper, who lowered sales and corporate taxes, avoided climate change legislation, strongly supported the oil and gas extraction industry and backed the right-wing government of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.
Trudeau will have a more balanced approach to the conflict in the Middle East, analysts said.
“It certainly won’t be the kind of blanket support for the Netanyahu regime that we saw from the Conservatives,” Maioni said.
Trudeau also vows to consult the premiers of Canada’s provinces in an effort to come up with a plan ahead of the Paris climate talks in November. Under Harper, Canada pulled out of the Kyoto Protocol, the emissions reduction program for rich countries, and the Conservative leader was perceived by environmentalists as more interested in protecting Canada’s oil-rich region of Alberta — which has the third-largest oil reserves in the world — than efforts to stem the effects of climate change.
Nelson Wiseman, a political science professor at the University of Toronto, said Canadian diplomats are delighted at Trudeau’s election because Harper never let them speak without checking with the government first. “They’ve been totally marginalized. They’ve been told ‘We don’t care what you think,”’ Wiseman said.
Harper, whose nearly 10 years as prime minister makes him one of the longest-serving Western leaders, will step down as Conservative leader after the crushing defeat, his party said.
During the campaign, Trudeau re-energized the Liberal Party, which suffered its worst electoral defeat four years ago, winning just 34 seats and finishing third behind the traditionally weaker New Democrat Party.
Trudeau, who has promised to raise taxes on the rich and run deficits for three years to boost government spending, said positive politics led to his victory.
“We beat fear with hope,” Trudeau said. “We beat cynicism with hard work. We beat negative, divisive politics with a positive vision that brings Canadians together. Most of all we defeated the idea that Canadians should be satisfied with less.”
Throughout the campaign, Trudeau’s opponents pilloried him as too inexperienced, and he will be put to the test in the coming weeks with a series of global summits, including the Paris climate summit.
“It’s going to showcase his lack of experience. He’s going to be with world leaders and that’s going to be a test,” Maioni said.
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