1960s state archives building doubles as bomb shelter

OLYMPIA — In the early 1960s, Washington opened an archives building to safely store the state’s most important documents. The building, constructed as a largely underground bunker and opened just a year after the Cuban missile crisis, served another purpose not widely publicized at the time: nuclear fallout shelter in case of attack.

Today, a series of tunnels built to evacuate state officials and staff to the safety of the bunker go largely unused or serve as utility tunnels for steam and electrical lines. But in that era of heightened fear, “the mood was hysteria,” said Jerry Handfield, state archivist since 2001.

“They assumed that the Capitol would be a target,” he said. “When you strike a Capitol, you cause chaos in the ability of anyone to run a war or government.”

State-sanctioned bomb shelters from that time aren’t unusual. Cold War-era shelters on state government property still exist in several other states, including Nebraska, Texas and New York. Fallout shelter signs still remain at the Capitol in Maryland, and Oklahoma’s emergency operations center sits in a bunker 20 feet below ground — originally built in 1963 to ensure state government could continue to operate in case there was a nuclear attack.

Near Seattle, an old fallout shelter built into the base of a bridge on I-5 now serves as storage space for the state Department of Transportation.

Nearly two dozen tall trees mask the roof of the state archives building that sits flush with the road in front of the Capitol. The trees are believed to have been planted to thwart Soviet satellites, Handfield said.

Opened in 1963 and formally dedicated a year later, the building is home to the state Constitution, governors’ proclamations and countless other documents tied to state government and history. As a fallout shelter, it could hold up to 510 people during an emergency.

Handfield learned about the history of the building during a tour after he was hired. Intrigued, he and a colleague started hunting for old fallout supplies and discovered a few things, including a tin filled with hard candy. Other items meant to reflect the time period — toilet paper still in its original packaging, medication and food — were obtained from the state military department.

In 2004, he erected a small exhibit featuring those items in a corner of the building’s bottom floor, some 45 feet underground. Also on display is a copy of a proclamation that was prepared by former Gov. Arthur Langlie during the 1950s in case Seattle was attacked, “causing widespread loss of life and property.”

“It’s a lot easier to visualize this as a fallout shelter when supplies are here that you can see and touch,” said Handfield, who grew up during the Cold War and remembers diving under desks during duck-and-cover drills as a kid.

Handfield couldn’t find any documents outlining protocol for the bunker or who was to be given priority access in case of an emergency. Nor did he turn up either a written list or photos of supplies.

“Either people didn’t want the records kept or they didn’t think they were important,” he said.

The space can be viewed during occasional tours but is otherwise closed to the public.

Contributing to this report were Associated Press writers Sean Murphy in Oklahoma City, Brian Witte in Annapolis, Md., and researcher Jennifer Farrar.

Talk to us

> Give us your news tips.

> Send us a letter to the editor.

> More Herald contact information.

More in Local News

A firefighter stands in silence before a panel bearing the names of L. John Regelbrugge and Kris Regelbrugge during the ten-year remembrance of the Oso landslide on Friday, March 22, 2024, at the Oso Landslide Memorial in Oso, Washington. (Ryan Berry / The Herald)
‘Flood of emotions’ as Oso Landslide Memorial opens on 10th anniversary

Friends, family and first responders held a moment of silence at 10:37 a.m. at the new 2-acre memorial off Highway 530.

Julie Petersen poses for a photo with images of her sister Christina Jefferds and Jefferds’ grand daughter Sanoah Violet Huestis next to a memorial for Sanoah at her home on March 20, 2024 in Arlington, Washington. Peterson wears her sister’s favorite color and one of her bangles. (Annie Barker / The Herald)
‘It just all came down’: An oral history of the Oso mudslide

Ten years later, The Daily Herald spoke with dozens of people — first responders, family, survivors — touched by the deadliest slide in U.S. history.

Victims of the Oso mudslide on March 22, 2014. (Courtesy photos)
Remembering the 43 lives lost in the Oso mudslide

The slide wiped out a neighborhood along Highway 530 in 2014. “Even though you feel like you’re alone in your grief, you’re really not.”

Director Lucia Schmit, right, and Deputy Director Dara Salmon inside the Snohomish County Department of Emergency Management on Friday, March 8, 2024, in Everett, Washington. (Ryan Berry / The Herald)
How Oso slide changed local emergency response ‘on virtually every level’

“In a decade, we have just really, really advanced,” through hard-earned lessons applied to the pandemic, floods and opioids.

Ron and Gail Thompson at their home on Monday, March 4, 2024 in Oso, Washington. (Olivia Vanni / The Herald)
In shadow of scarred Oso hillside, mudslide’s wounds still feel fresh

Locals reflected on living with grief and finding meaning in the wake of a catastrophe “nothing like you can ever imagine” in 2014.

The rezoned property, seen here from the Hillside Vista luxury development, is surrounded on two sides by modern neighborhoods Monday, March 25, 2024, in Lake Stevens, Washington. (Ryan Berry / The Herald)
Despite petition, Lake Stevens OKs rezone for new 96-home development

The change faced resistance from some residents, who worried about the effects of more density in the neighborhood.

Rep. Suzan DelBene, left, introduces Xichitl Torres Small, center, Undersecretary for Rural Development with the U.S. Department of Agriculture during a talk at Thomas Family Farms on Monday, April 3, 2023, in Snohomish, Washington. (Olivia Vanni / The Herald)
Under new federal program, Washingtonians can file taxes for free

At a press conference Wednesday, U.S. Rep. Suzan DelBene called the Direct File program safe, easy and secure.

Former Snohomish County sheriff’s deputy Jeremie Zeller appears in court for sentencing on multiple counts of misdemeanor theft Wednesday, March 27, 2024, at Snohomish County Superior Court in Everett, Washington. (Ryan Berry / The Herald)
Ex-sheriff’s deputy sentenced to 1 week of jail time for hardware theft

Jeremie Zeller, 47, stole merchandise from Home Depot in south Everett, where he worked overtime as a security guard.

Everett
11 months later, Lake Stevens man charged in fatal Casino Road shooting

Malik Fulson is accused of shooting Joseph Haderlie to death in the parking lot at the Crystal Springs Apartments last April.

T.J. Peters testifies during the murder trial of Alan Dean at the Snohomish County Courthouse on Tuesday, March 26, 2024 in Everett, Washington. (Olivia Vanni / The Herald)
Bothell cold case trial now in jury’s hands

In court this week, the ex-boyfriend of Melissa Lee denied any role in her death. The defendant, Alan Dean, didn’t testify.

A speed camera facing west along 220th Street Southwest on Tuesday, Nov. 21, 2023 in Edmonds, Washington. (Olivia Vanni / The Herald)
New Washington law will allow traffic cams on more city, county roads

The move, led by a Snohomish County Democrat, comes as roadway deaths in the state have hit historic highs.

Mrs. Hildenbrand runs through a spelling exercise with her first grade class on the classroom’s Boxlight interactive display board funded by a pervious tech levy on Tuesday, March 19, 2024 in Marysville, Washington. (Olivia Vanni / The Herald)
Lakewood School District’s new levy pitch: This time, it won’t raise taxes

After two levies failed, the district went back to the drawing board, with one levy that would increase taxes and another that would not.

Support local journalism

If you value local news, make a gift now to support the trusted journalism you get in The Daily Herald. Donations processed in this system are not tax deductible.