WASHINGTON — Good news on the cancer front: Death rates are dropping faster than ever, thanks to new progress against colorectal cancer.
A turning point came in 2002, scientists conclude in the annual “Report to the Nation” on cancer to be announced today. Between 2002 and 2004, death rates dropped by an average of 2.1 percent a year.
While it remains the nation’s No. 2 fatal cancer, deaths are dropping faster for colorectal cancer than for any other malignancy — by almost 5 percent a year among men and 4.5 percent among women.
One reason is that colorectal cancer is striking fewer people, the report found. New diagnoses are down roughly 2.5 percent a year for both men and women, thanks to screening tests that can spot precancerous polyps in time to remove them and thus prevent cancer from forming.
Still, only about half the people who need screening — everyone over age 50 — gets checked.
The other gain is the result of new treatments, which are credited with doubling survival times for the most advanced patients.
In 1996, there was just one truly effective drug for colon cancer. Today, there are six more.
Among the report’s other findings:
n Cancer mortality is improving faster among men, with drops in death rates of 2.6 percent a year compared with 1.8 percent a year for women.
n Male death rates for lung cancer are dropping about 2 percent a year while female death rates finally are holding steady after years of increases. Smoking rates fell for men before they did for women, so men reaped the benefits sooner.
n Overall, the rate of new cancer diagnoses is inching down about one-half a percent a year.
n New breast cancer diagnoses are dropping about 3.5 percent a year, a previously reported decline attributed to women shunning postmenopausal hormone therapy or to fewer getting mammograms and finding existing tumors.
The report includes a focus on cancer among American Indians and Alaskan natives. Overall, cancer incidence is lower among those populations than among white Americans, except for cancers of the stomach, liver, kidney, gallbladder and cervix.
The annual report is a collaboration of the American Cancer Society, National Cancer Institute, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and North American Association of Central Cancer Registries.
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