WASHINGTON — President Barack Obama wants governors to hurry up and begin building bridges and schools to revive the economy. His administration is learning that spending $787 billion as quickly and transparently as promised is no easy task.
States wanting desperately to tap into the new money are having trouble keeping track of the application deadlines and requirements in the 400-page stimulus bill. Governors must sign pledges saying they’ll spend the money appropriately, but the administration is still figuring out what the rules are.
“Well, that’s kind of scary,” said Richard Eckstrom, South Carolina’s comptroller general.
Hanging over all of this are two threats. The first was written into the law, saying that if states miss a deadline or don’t spend the money fast enough, they lose the cash. Vice President Joe Biden delivered the second threat last week, warning that if states misspend the money, “don’t look for any help from the federal government for a long while.”
Yet figuring out how to spend the money correctly isn’t easy. For example:
Governors are required to report how many jobs are being saved or created, but there has been no explanation of how to count them.
The Energy Department is giving out money to make homes energy-efficient, and the work must begin soon, but there aren’t enough trained workers for all the remodeling jobs.
When Washington tries to spend a lot of money, spend it quickly and spend it responsibly it usually succeeds only in two of those three goals. Federal aid after Hurricane Katrina was wasted on temporary house trailers and fraudulent assistance applications. Some of the government loans rushed out to help small businesses recover after the Sept. 11 terror attacks went instead to a radio station in South Dakota, a motorcycle shop in Utah and more than 100 Dunkin’ Donuts and Subway franchises.
The Obama administration is working to prevent such stories about the stimulus bill. Governors, meanwhile, are making some tough calls.
California, for instance, is counting on at least $10 billion from the stimulus to stabilize its budget. If it comes up short, it probably will need to cut $1 billion. That decision needs to be made soon. But right now, there’s no way to know for sure how much the state will get.
“There’s mass confusion still at this stage,” Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger said.
At a conference for state officials at the White House complex last week, a representative from Utah asked Obama’s budget officials what data they would be required to collect from contractors. He was told to expect an answer within the next several weeks.
But the governor was preparing to sign a contract. Should he delay the project?
There were more questions than answers at the conference, where representatives from 49 states assembled to learn more about the stimulus money. Idaho is restricting travel by state employees and didn’t send anyone.
Why haven’t the feds produced a comprehensive list of deadlines and rules? What did Congress mean by “permanent” when it ordered permanent changes to state unemployment insurance? Will all federal agencies collect the same data or will each agency set its own rules?
And how, exactly, are states supposed to track and report all this spending when there’s no money in the law for tracking or auditing?
Deputy Controller Danny Werfel spent the day alternating between fielding such questions and pacing the hallways with his cell phone, trying to get answers.
Werfel is one of many Obama budget officials trying, in a matter of days, to reinvent a Byzantine federal spending process.
“Everybody would like more specifics. But they’re giving us as many specifics as they can,” said Pamela Walsh, deputy chief of staff to New Hampshire Gov. John Lynch. “Nobody has more sympathy for what they’re trying to do than a bunch of people who are trying to do the same thing at the local level.”
William Newton, Alabama’s deputy finance director, said he was surprised that the Obama administration was struggling as much as states to make sense of the new law.
“We’ve been looking at this from our state’s point of view. But now I realize they’re getting calls from 49 other states and they don’t have answers,” Newton said.
Even the watchdogs have new roles. Earl Devaney, the chief auditor overseeing the stimulus spending, said he can’t be a traditional inspector general who roots out and exposes fraud. He has to prevent it.
Devaney and other watchdogs said they need to hire new investigators. Some agencies are recruiting auditors out of retirement. Ideally, Devaney said, he would have started working on this a year ago. Instead, he’s had about three weeks.
“I’m very concerned,” Devaney told state leaders. “But we’re going to try to do everything possible to help you.”
Most governors are willing to give the Obama administration time to figure out the details, said John Thomasian of the National Governors Association, who hosted a conference call last week for governors’ staffs to discuss working through these problems.
“There’s a recognition that everyone is trying to do it well and we’re all in the position of trying to make this work,” Thomasian said. “Frustration will surface if these questions have not been answered in a few months.”
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