PORT-AU-PRINCE, Haiti — U.S. troops are withdrawing from the shattered capital, leaving many Haitians anxious that the most visible portion of international assistance is ending even as the city is still mired in misery and vulnerable to unrest.
As troops packed their duffel bags and began to fly home this weekend, Haitians and some aid workers wondered whether U.N. peacekeepers and local police are up to the task of maintaining order. More than a half- million people still live in vast encampments that have grown more unpleasant in recent days with the early onset of rainy season.
Some also fear the departure of the American troops is a sign of dwindling international interest in the plight of the Haitian people after the catastrophic Jan. 12 earthquake.
“I would like for them to stay in Haiti until they rebuild the country and everybody can go back to their house,” said Marjorie Louis, a 27-year-old mother of two, as she warmed a bowl of beans for her family over a charcoal fire on the fake grass of the national stadium.
“They should stay because they have been doing a good job,” 35-year-old Lesly Pierre said as his family prepared dinner under a tarp at an encampment in Petionville. “If it was up to our government, we wouldn’t have gotten any help at all.”
U.S. officials say the long-anticipated drawing down of troops is not a sign of waning commitment to Haiti, only a change in the nature of the operation. Security will now be the responsibility of the 10,000-strong U.N. peacekeeping force and the Haitian police.
A smaller number of U.S. forces — the exact number has not yet been determined — will be needed as the U.N. and Haitian government reassert control, said Gen. Douglas Fraser, head of U.S. Southern Command, which runs the Haiti operation.
“Our mission is largely accomplished,” Fraser said.
American forces arrived in the immediate aftermath of the quake to treat the wounded, provide emergency water and rations and help prevent a feared outbreak of violence among desperate survivors. They also helped reopen the airport and seaport.
There has been no widespread violence but security is a pressing issue. A U.N. food convoy traveling from Gonaives to Dessalines on Friday was stopped and overrun by people who snatched items from two trucks before peacekeepers regained control, U.N. officials said.
The military operation was criticized by some Haitian senators and foreign leaders as heavy-handed and inappropriate in a country that had been occupied by American forces for nearly two decades in the early 20th century.
But U.S. soldiers said they had nothing but warm encounters with the Haitian people.
“They’re real good people. They just want help,” Army Private First Class Troy Sims, a 19-year-old from Fresno, Calif., said as he prepared to board a flight back to the U.S. “I feel that us being here helped a lot. If we weren’t here, things probably would have gotten out of control.”
There are now about 11,000 troops, more than half of them on ships just off the coast, down from a peak of around 20,000 on Feb. 1. The total is expected to drop to about 8,000 in coming days as the withdrawal gathers steam. The military said more than 700 paratroopers left this weekend.
Soldiers are now gone from the General Hospital, where they once directed traffic and kept order amid the chaos of mass casualties. There are no more Haitian patients on board the USNS Comfort, which treated 8,600 people after the quake.
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