VATICAN CITY – A Vatican document expected to be made public soon stops short of a sweeping ban on homosexuals entering the priesthood, allowing those who have lived chastely for three years to be candidates for the clergy, a senior Vatican official said Friday.
The document, in the works for at least three years, updates Vatican policy, which had held that gays or men with homosexual tendencies should not be ordained, regardless of whether they can remain celibate.
The new document permits candidates who have lived a chaste life for at least three years before their admission to a seminary, said the senior official, who requested anonymity because the document has not yet been released.
The official confirmed a report in leading Italian newspaper Corriere della Sera on Friday listing the reasons for not admitting gay candidates, which include men who publicly show their homosexuality and those who reveal an attraction to what the document described as the gay lifestyle.
The report, by the newspaper’s chief Vatican correspondent, Luigi Accattoli, cited sources speaking to him about the document from the Vatican’s Congregation for Catholic Education.
The Italian weekly Panorama said in its Friday editions that Pope Benedict XVI approved the document during the summer.
In a similar report Friday, the National Catholic Reporter said seminary officials will be asked to exercise “prudential judgment.”
One Vatican official said the document would be published soon, but he refused to discuss the contents.
The senior said, “Anyone who knows Catholic teaching should not be surprised by what the document says.”
A key document from 1961, an “Instruction on the Careful Selection and Training of Candidates for the States of Perfection and Sacred Orders,” made clear that homosexuals should be barred from the priesthood.
Vatican teaching holds that homosexual acts are “intrinsically disordered.” The church, however, says homosexuals should be treated with compassion and dignity.
The senior official said there was a lot of ambiguity about the term homosexual, and therefore much depends on the individual in question, making it difficult to come up with an “absolute, sweeping policy.”
The issue has long been a subject of debate at the Vatican. It received renewed attention after the U.S. church sex-abuse scandal that erupted in 2002.
A study by the John Jay College of Criminal Justice in New York, commissioned by U.S. bishops after the scandal broke, found that most abuse victims since 1950 were adolescent boys. Experts on sex offenders said homosexuals are no more likely than heterosexuals to molest young people, but that did not stifle questions about homosexual seminarians.
In the United States, where the gay priests issue is hotly contested, reactions were couched in speculative terms because there have been so many conflicting rumors about the document.
But a homosexual priest, speaking on condition of anonymity because he feared reprisal from church leaders, said if the reports are true “it will be the first time that the church will have formally said that gay men have been and can be accepted by seminaries.”
Philip Lawler, editor of the Catholic World News Web site who opposes allowing seminarians with homosexual tendencies “whether or not they’re active,” said he has been told Rome’s new policy will be more restrictive.
“What the document says ends up as much less important than how the document is followed up and enforced,” he said.
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