PITTSBURGH – Folks in the free world may chatter all they like about Apple’s sleek new iPhone, but citizens on lockdown must rely on more antiquated forms of communication.
Inventive inmates at facilities around the country speak jail cell-to-jail cell using their commodes, a phenomenon known to wardens, correctional officers and attorneys as “toilet talk.”
Some toilet talk is mundane. A pair of inmates might call out chess moves. Some prisoners have used the sewage pipes as a conduit to pick up prisoners of the opposite sex. And in at least two cases, inmates have had commode conversations about criminal matters that were used as testimony or evidence in court.
Recently, Geneva Burrell, who had been incarcerated at the Allegheny County Jail for double homicide, testified in court that she emptied the water from her cell’s toilet trap, stuck her head inside the bowl and regularly spoke with her boyfriend. The boyfriend, Erik Surratt, 19, who also was incarcerated for the killings, was lodged on the floor above her at the jail.
Burrell, who had been in jail for 22 months, testified against Surratt in court and has been released on house arrest. The district attorney has said he may drop the murder charges against her. Surratt’s defense lawyer, however, said he has four witnesses prepared to testify that they were housed in the same column of cells as Burrell and reportedly overheard her say she would do whatever she had to do to get out of jail.
Upon discovering that Burrell and Surratt had used the toilet to talk to each other, jail officials moved Surratt to another part of the building.
Inmates get sanctioned if they’re caught with their heads in the toilet bowl, yet Warden Ramon Rustin says toilet talk has been a daily occurrence since the high-rise facility opened in 1995.
“Inmates will strike up a conversation about anything,” said the warden, who can hear muffled chatter through the water in his office’s commode all the time. “They have 24/7 to think of ways to beat the system.”
Rustin said he does not consider toilet chat a significant security risk and he could not imagine sticking his head in the commode to overhear what are mostly throwaway conversations.
But the U.S. attorney in Philadelphia thought differently and got the FBI to wiretap the toilets at the city’s downtown Federal Detention Facility to track members of a drug-trafficking operation. Richard Manieri, a spokesman for the U.S. attorney’s office, said federal prosecutors used toilet conversations to secure hefty sentences against co-defendants Kaboni Savage and Dawud Bey. Federal agents tapped the prison plumbing system and got a recording of Bey threatening to kill witnesses who might testify against prisoners charged for their involvement in the drug network.
Communication through toilets and air vents is fairly common in jails and prisons, according to several correctional officials surveyed.
“We have dormitory-style (cells) where the female range is close to the male range and sometimes the females talk to the males through the toilet. I think it’s nasty,” said Deputy Warden Art Marx of the Butler County Jail in Butler, Pa.
Deputy Warden Erna Craig at the Mercer County Prison in Mercer, Pa., said that in her 27 years in corrections, she’d never heard of toilet talk.
The Mercer facility, which opened in 2005, was designed by L. Robert Kimball &Associates, the same firm that built the Allegheny County Jail. Craig said perhaps Kimball, which is based in Ebensburg, Pa., and has designed more than 135 correctional facilities in 14 states, has alleviated that design glitch since the Allegheny County facility was built.
Most cells in the Allegheny County Jail have stainless-steel commodes, but the lower floors have porcelain toilets. Unlike a household toilet, they do not have a reserve tank, but instead utilize the industrial flushometer system that uses high-pressure water rather than gravity to fill the bowl, said Tom Donatelli, director of public works.
Callers willing to risk a misconduct warning and 24-hour lockdown scoop the water from the trap, a U-shaped pipe, and speak or listen through the toilet drain to any inmates who’ve drained toilets in the cells above and below them.
“The cells were built right on top of each other so it could be as many as 16 cells” that share a single drainage system, Rustin said. Strangers eavesdrop on private calls and the sound “is pretty clear,” he said, “even if you don’t go through all that messy bother.”
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